Chapter  6  Bhakti – Sufi Traditions Changes in Religious Beliefs and Devotional Texts (c. eighth to eighteenth century)

1. Take a look at the following remark on the
Sufi movement.

1. The Sufi movement was entirely focused
   on God.
2. Mystics who left the material world and
   took up austerity were one type of Sufi.
3. The supremacy of Shari’a legislation was
   rejected.

Choose the correct answer

2. Consider the statement below.

1. Alvars and Nayanars led the early
   Bhakti Movement (6th century).
2. Alvars and Nayanars would travel from
   place to place, singing devotional Tamil songs in the
   name of Shiva or Vishnu.
3. The Alvars were followers of Vishnu,
   whereas the Nayanars claimed to be followers of Lord
   Shiva.

Select the correct response.

3. Consider the following remark in light of the
Alvars and Nayanars Bhakti Movement (6th Century).

1. Alvars and Nayanars devoted their entire lives
   to the religious activity.
2. The Bhaktas were artisans who hailed from
   Brahmin castes.
3. They opposed caste systems but never ended
   Brahminism.

Select the correct response.

4. consider the following statement.

1. The Alvars and Nayanars were not only harsh critics
   of Brahminism, but also of Buddhists and Jainas.
2. The fervent devotion of Shiva or Vishnu was proclaimed
   by Alvars and Nayanars as the road to redemption.
3. They were inspired by the Sangam literature’s themes
   of love and valour.

Choose the incorrect answer

5. Take a look at the following statement on the
Virashaivas movement.

1. This movement’s leader was Basavanna.
2. Basavanna’s disciples were known as Virashaivas,
   and they worshipped Vishnu.
3. Despite being Basavanna Brahmins, they defied
   the caste system.
4. It was a 12th-century movement that took place
   in Karnataka.

Choose the correct answer

6. Consider the following statement in light of
Kabir’s teachings.

1. He was an outspoken opponent of idol worship
   and polytheism.
2. He chastised not only hindus but even Muslims
   for their religious practises.
3. He constantly emphasised the dignity of labour.
4. He stressed God’s unity and the fact that God
   can only have one name.

Choose the correct answer

7. Consider the following statement in light of
Guru Nanak’s teachings.

1. He proclaimed that God is Nirakar, or shapeless.
2. He criticized religious traditions such as ceremonial
   bathing, sacrifices, and idol worship, emphasising the need of simplicity.
3. He encouraged his followers to recall and repeat the
   heavenly name in order to communicate with God.
4. He appreciated both Hindu and Muslim religious books.

Select the correct response.

8. Consider the following statement in light of
the Chola Kings’ bhakti movement.

1. The Bhakti movement saints, notably Nayanars,
   received a lot of support from the Chola Kings.
2. They did it by granting land and erecting Shiva
   and Vishnu temples for the saints of the Bhakti movement.
3. South Indian Shiva temples, such as those at
   Gangaikondacholpuram, were built under the patronage of Chola monarchs.

Select the correct response.

9. Consider the following sentences with references
to them.

1. Both bhakti and sufi philosophers believe
   in the same god.
2. Bhakti intellectuals used Tamil language to
   express themselves, while sufi philosophers used Urdu language .
3. In Benaras, Kabirdas wrote in a local language
   that was closer to Hindustani.

Select the correct response.

10. The given map relates to tirupati , thanjavur , Madurai

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Code 123

11. Consider the following statements, which
include references to Namdeo.

1. Namdeo is a renowned Maharashtra Saint
   Poet.
2. He is the most prominent proponent of
   Bhagwad-Dharma outside of Maharashtra, reaching all
   the way to Punjab.
3. He composed some Hindi and Punjabi hymns.

Select the correct response.

12. Match the following

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